Respiratory auscultation can be compared to cardiac auscultation, where heart sounds are categorized into first heart sound, second heart sound, etc., based on anatomical position. Similarly, breath sounds can be divided into four types according to the bronchus, bronchial alveoli, alveoli, and trachea.
Normal breath sounds, like heart sounds, have rhythm, tone, and volume that make them pleasant to hear, as opposed to abnormal sounds.
If abnormal breath sounds are detected, remember one key point: every clinical abnormality is closely related to anatomy. Take this patient as an example; with a chest cavity effusion, the normal gas exchange activity in the affected area is inevitably restricted, which manifests as significantly weakened or even absent alveolar breath sounds in the affected region. Clinically, identifying and discerning this is not difficult.
