THE RAW DIAMOND: THE CRUSADES CHRONICLESTHE RAW DIAMOND: THE CRUSADES CHRONICLESTHE RAW DIAMOND: THE CRUSADES CHRONICLESTHE RAW DIAMOND: THE CRUSADES CHRONICLES
BOOK 1: THE FIRST BLOOD (1095-1099)BOOK 1: THE FIRST BLOOD (1095-1099)BOOK 1: THE FIRST BLOOD (1095-1099)BOOK 1: THE FIRST BLOOD (1095-1099)
Chapter 1: Clermont's EchoChapter 1: Clermont's EchoChapter 1: Clermont's EchoChapter 1: Clermont's Echo
November 27, 1095 - Council of Clermont, FranceNovember 27, 1095 - Council of Clermont, FranceNovember 27, 1095 - Council of Clermont, FranceNovember 27, 1095 - Council of Clermont, France
The cold bit through wool cloaks. Frost painted dead grass silver. Pope Urban II stood on a wooden platform, breath steaming in the freezing air. His voice didn't sound human. It sounded like history being born.The cold bit through wool cloaks. Frost painted dead grass silver. Pope Urban II stood on a wooden platform, breath steaming in the freezing air. His voice didn't sound human. It sounded like history being born.The cold bit through wool cloaks. Frost painted dead grass silver. Pope Urban II stood on a wooden platform, breath steaming in the freezing air. His voice didn't sound human. It sounded like history being born.The cold bit through wool cloaks. Frost painted dead grass silver. Pope Urban II stood on a wooden platform, breath steaming in the freezing air. His voice didn't sound human. It sounded like history being born.
"Deus vult!" God wills it!"Deus vult!" God wills it!"Deus vult!" God wills it!"Deus vult!" God wills it!
The crowd roared. Thousands of faces, hungry for salvation or land or escape. Among them, a minor knight named Everard clenched his sword hilt. His threadbare cloak couldn't hide the hunger in his eyes. Not for God. For soil. For something to own.The crowd roared. Thousands of faces, hungry for salvation or land or escape. Among them, a minor knight named Everard clenched his sword hilt. His threadbare cloak couldn't hide the hunger in his eyes. Not for God. For soil. For something to own.The crowd roared. Thousands of faces, hungry for salvation or land or escape. Among them, a minor knight named Everard clenched his sword hilt. His threadbare cloak couldn't hide the hunger in his eyes. Not for God. For soil. For something to own.The crowd roared. Thousands of faces, hungry for salvation or land or escape. Among them, a minor knight named Everard clenched his sword hilt. His threadbare cloak couldn't hide the hunger in his eyes. Not for God. For soil. For something to own.
[PAGE MARGIN - READERS ENTER][PAGE MARGIN - READERS ENTER][PAGE MARGIN - READERS ENTER][PAGE MARGIN - READERS ENTER]
CYNICAL_HISTORIAN: Urban's real motive? Redirect warrior violence from Europe to Muslims. Classic political maneuvering. Estimated crowd: 300 clergy, 4,000 laypeople.CYNICAL_HISTORIAN: Urban's real motive? Redirect warrior violence from Europe to Muslims. Classic political maneuvering. Estimated crowd: 300 clergy, 4,000 laypeople.CYNICAL_HISTORIAN: Urban's real motive? Redirect warrior violence from Europe to Muslims. Classic political maneuvering. Estimated crowd: 300 clergy, 4,000 laypeople.CYNICAL_HISTORIAN: Urban's real motive? Redirect warrior violence from Europe to Muslims. Classic political maneuvering. Estimated crowd: 300 clergy, 4,000 laypeople.
MORAL_OUTRAGE: And so begins centuries of holy terror. Do they understand what they're unleashing?MORAL_OUTRAGE: And so begins centuries of holy terror. Do they understand what they're unleashing?MORAL_OUTRAGE: And so begins centuries of holy terror. Do they understand what they're unleashing?MORAL_OUTRAGE: And so begins centuries of holy terror. Do they understand what they're unleashing?
TACTICAL_MIND: Notice the timing. Harvest is over. Fighting season begins in spring. This is logistics disguised as revelation.TACTICAL_MIND: Notice the timing. Harvest is over. Fighting season begins in spring. This is logistics disguised as revelation.TACTICAL_MIND: Notice the timing. Harvest is over. Fighting season begins in spring. This is logistics disguised as revelation.TACTICAL_MIND: Notice the timing. Harvest is over. Fighting season begins in spring. This is logistics disguised as revelation.
BYZANTINE_SCHOLAR: Emperor Alexios requested mercenaries, not a holy war. Urban exceeds the request deliberately.BYZANTINE_SCHOLAR: Emperor Alexios requested mercenaries, not a holy war. Urban exceeds the request deliberately.BYZANTINE_SCHOLAR: Emperor Alexios requested mercenaries, not a holy war. Urban exceeds the request deliberately.BYZANTINE_SCHOLAR: Emperor Alexios requested mercenaries, not a holy war. Urban exceeds the request deliberately.
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March 1096 - The People's CrusadeMarch 1096 - The People's CrusadeMarch 1096 - The People's CrusadeMarch 1096 - The People's Crusade
Peter the Hermit's army moved like a locust swarm. 20,000 peasants, women, children, a few knights. They ate the land bare. When they reached the Rhine, they found Jewish communities.Peter the Hermit's army moved like a locust swarm. 20,000 peasants, women, children, a few knights. They ate the land bare. When they reached the Rhine, they found Jewish communities.Peter the Hermit's army moved like a locust swarm. 20,000 peasants, women, children, a few knights. They ate the land bare. When they reached the Rhine, they found Jewish communities.Peter the Hermit's army moved like a locust swarm. 20,000 peasants, women, children, a few knights. They ate the land bare. When they reached the Rhine, they found Jewish communities.
What happened at Speyer: Local bishop protected Jews. Only 11 killed.What happened at Speyer: Local bishop protected Jews. Only 11 killed.What happened at Speyer: Local bishop protected Jews. Only 11 killed.What happened at Speyer: Local bishop protected Jews. Only 11 killed.
What happened at Worms: Massacre. 800 Jews slaughtered in their homes.What happened at Worms: Massacre. 800 Jews slaughtered in their homes.What happened at Worms: Massacre. 800 Jews slaughtered in their homes.What happened at Worms: Massacre. 800 Jews slaughtered in their homes.
What happened at Mainz: The worst. Jews barricaded in bishop's courtyard. Crusaders burned the gates. Chronicler Albert of Aix wrote: "They killed women too, and with their swords pierced tender children of whatever age and sex."What happened at Mainz: The worst. Jews barricaded in bishop's courtyard. Crusaders burned the gates. Chronicler Albert of Aix wrote: "They killed women too, and with their swords pierced tender children of whatever age and sex."What happened at Mainz: The worst. Jews barricaded in bishop's courtyard. Crusaders burned the gates. Chronicler Albert of Aix wrote: "They killed women too, and with their swords pierced tender children of whatever age and sex."What happened at Mainz: The worst. Jews barricaded in bishop's courtyard. Crusaders burned the gates. Chronicler Albert of Aix wrote: "They killed women too, and with their swords pierced tender children of whatever age and sex."
Everard watched a knight named Reinhard hack at a door. "They killed Christ!" he screamed.Everard watched a knight named Reinhard hack at a door. "They killed Christ!" he screamed.Everard watched a knight named Reinhard hack at a door. "They killed Christ!" he screamed.Everard watched a knight named Reinhard hack at a door. "They killed Christ!" he screamed.
Everard thought: Christ died 1000 years ago. These people sell wool.Everard thought: Christ died 1000 years ago. These people sell wool.Everard thought: Christ died 1000 years ago. These people sell wool.Everard thought: Christ died 1000 years ago. These people sell wool.
But he joined the looting. A silver candlestick bought three months of food.But he joined the looting. A silver candlestick bought three months of food.But he joined the looting. A silver candlestick bought three months of food.But he joined the looting. A silver candlestick bought three months of food.
[READER REACTIONS INTENSIFY][READER REACTIONS INTENSIFY][READER REACTIONS INTENSIFY][READER REACTIONS INTENSIFY]
JEWISH_READER: My ancestors were in Mainz. This trauma echoes through generations.JEWISH_READER: My ancestors were in Mainz. This trauma echoes through generations.JEWISH_READER: My ancestors were in Mainz. This trauma echoes through generations.JEWISH_READER: My ancestors were in Mainz. This trauma echoes through generations.
PSYCHOLOGY_STUDENT: Dehumanization phase one: Accuse of ancient crime. Phase two: Take property. Phase three: Kill.PSYCHOLOGY_STUDENT: Dehumanization phase one: Accuse of ancient crime. Phase two: Take property. Phase three: Kill.PSYCHOLOGY_STUDENT: Dehumanization phase one: Accuse of ancient crime. Phase two: Take property. Phase three: Kill.PSYCHOLOGY_STUDENT: Dehumanization phase one: Accuse of ancient crime. Phase two: Take property. Phase three: Kill.
ECONOMICS_GEEK: Silver candlestick = 3 months food? Medieval economics check: Actually accurate. Silver was scarce.ECONOMICS_GEEK: Silver candlestick = 3 months food? Medieval economics check: Actually accurate. Silver was scarce.ECONOMICS_GEEK: Silver candlestick = 3 months food? Medieval economics check: Actually accurate. Silver was scarce.ECONOMICS_GEEK: Silver candlestick = 3 months food? Medieval economics check: Actually accurate. Silver was scarce.
DISILLUSIONED_CHRISTIAN: Where was Jesus in this? Oh right, fictional character watching fictional followers do real murder.DISILLUSIONED_CHRISTIAN: Where was Jesus in this? Oh right, fictional character watching fictional followers do real murder.DISILLUSIONED_CHRISTIAN: Where was Jesus in this? Oh right, fictional character watching fictional followers do real murder.DISILLUSIONED_CHRISTIAN: Where was Jesus in this? Oh right, fictional character watching fictional followers do real murder.
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June 1096 - Cologne to HungaryJune 1096 - Cologne to HungaryJune 1096 - Cologne to HungaryJune 1096 - Cologne to Hungary
The swarm moved east. Discipline dissolved. When hungry, they stole. When resisted, they killed. Hungarian farmers fought back. Skirmishes left dead on both sides.The swarm moved east. Discipline dissolved. When hungry, they stole. When resisted, they killed. Hungarian farmers fought back. Skirmishes left dead on both sides.The swarm moved east. Discipline dissolved. When hungry, they stole. When resisted, they killed. Hungarian farmers fought back. Skirmishes left dead on both sides.The swarm moved east. Discipline dissolved. When hungry, they stole. When resisted, they killed. Hungarian farmers fought back. Skirmishes left dead on both sides.
Peter preached patience. No one listened. A new leader emerged: Walter Sans-Avoir (Walter the Penniless). More militant. More desperate.Peter preached patience. No one listened. A new leader emerged: Walter Sans-Avoir (Walter the Penniless). More militant. More desperate.Peter preached patience. No one listened. A new leader emerged: Walter Sans-Avoir (Walter the Penniless). More militant. More desperate.Peter preached patience. No one listened. A new leader emerged: Walter Sans-Avoir (Walter the Penniless). More militant. More desperate.
At Semlin, they saw 16 stakes with crucified Hungarian guards. Retaliation for earlier attacks.At Semlin, they saw 16 stakes with crucified Hungarian guards. Retaliation for earlier attacks.At Semlin, they saw 16 stakes with crucified Hungarian guards. Retaliation for earlier attacks.At Semlin, they saw 16 stakes with crucified Hungarian guards. Retaliation for earlier attacks.
[READER NAMES BEGIN TO FORM IDENTITIES][READER NAMES BEGIN TO FORM IDENTITIES][READER NAMES BEGIN TO FORM IDENTITIES][READER NAMES BEGIN TO FORM IDENTITIES]
Knight_Errant_77: Crucifixion as psychological warfare. They're using Christian imagery against Christians. Meta.Knight_Errant_77: Crucifixion as psychological warfare. They're using Christian imagery against Christians. Meta.Knight_Errant_77: Crucifixion as psychological warfare. They're using Christian imagery against Christians. Meta.Knight_Errant_77: Crucifixion as psychological warfare. They're using Christian imagery against Christians. Meta.
History_Buff_42: Actually happened. The People's Crusade was a disaster from start to finish.History_Buff_42: Actually happened. The People's Crusade was a disaster from start to finish.History_Buff_42: Actually happened. The People's Crusade was a disaster from start to finish.History_Buff_42: Actually happened. The People's Crusade was a disaster from start to finish.
Poetic_Soul: Imagine the smell. June heat. Rotting flesh. These weren't warriors. They were desperate people following a dream.Poetic_Soul: Imagine the smell. June heat. Rotting flesh. These weren't warriors. They were desperate people following a dream.Poetic_Soul: Imagine the smell. June heat. Rotting flesh. These weren't warriors. They were desperate people following a dream.Poetic_Soul: Imagine the smell. June heat. Rotting flesh. These weren't warriors. They were desperate people following a dream.
Strategic_Thinker: This is why Alexios wanted professional soldiers. Peasants are worse than useless.Strategic_Thinker: This is why Alexios wanted professional soldiers. Peasants are worse than useless.Strategic_Thinker: This is why Alexios wanted professional soldiers. Peasants are worse than useless.Strategic_Thinker: This is why Alexios wanted professional soldiers. Peasants are worse than useless.
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August 1096 - Constantinople's DisgustAugust 1096 - Constantinople's DisgustAugust 1096 - Constantinople's DisgustAugust 1096 - Constantinople's Disgust
Emperor Alexios looked from the palace walls at the "army" camping outside his city.Emperor Alexios looked from the palace walls at the "army" camping outside his city.Emperor Alexios looked from the palace walls at the "army" camping outside his city.Emperor Alexios looked from the palace walls at the "army" camping outside his city.
"These are not knights," he said to his advisor, John Komnenos. "These are vermin.""These are not knights," he said to his advisor, John Komnenos. "These are vermin.""These are not knights," he said to his advisor, John Komnenos. "These are vermin.""These are not knights," he said to his advisor, John Komnenos. "These are vermin."
John, thin-faced and perpetually calculating, nodded. "They've already pillaged Byzantine territory. They call it 'supply gathering.'"John, thin-faced and perpetually calculating, nodded. "They've already pillaged Byzantine territory. They call it 'supply gathering.'"John, thin-faced and perpetually calculating, nodded. "They've already pillaged Byzantine territory. They call it 'supply gathering.'"John, thin-faced and perpetually calculating, nodded. "They've already pillaged Byzantine territory. They call it 'supply gathering.'"
Alexios's plan had been simple: Use Western knights to reclaim Anatolian territory lost to Turks. Instead, he got this rabble.Alexios's plan had been simple: Use Western knights to reclaim Anatolian territory lost to Turks. Instead, he got this rabble.Alexios's plan had been simple: Use Western knights to reclaim Anatolian territory lost to Turks. Instead, he got this rabble.Alexios's plan had been simple: Use Western knights to reclaim Anatolian territory lost to Turks. Instead, he got this rabble.
"Supply them," Alexios ordered. "And get them across the Bosphorus. Quickly.""Supply them," Alexios ordered. "And get them across the Bosphorus. Quickly.""Supply them," Alexios ordered. "And get them across the Bosphorus. Quickly.""Supply them," Alexios ordered. "And get them across the Bosphorus. Quickly."
John's journal, recovered fragment: The Franks smell of shit and piety. Dangerous combination. They believe God guides them, so reason cannot.John's journal, recovered fragment: The Franks smell of shit and piety. Dangerous combination. They believe God guides them, so reason cannot.John's journal, recovered fragment: The Franks smell of shit and piety. Dangerous combination. They believe God guides them, so reason cannot.John's journal, recovered fragment: The Franks smell of shit and piety. Dangerous combination. They believe God guides them, so reason cannot.
[READERS ANALYZE CHARACTERS][READERS ANALYZE CHARACTERS][READERS ANALYZE CHARACTERS][READERS ANALYZE CHARACTERS]
ByzantineFanatic: Alexios is the smartest man in the room. Always was. Byzantines understood realpolitik centuries before Machiavelli.ByzantineFanatic: Alexios is the smartest man in the room. Always was. Byzantines understood realpolitik centuries before Machiavelli.ByzantineFanatic: Alexios is the smartest man in the room. Always was. Byzantines understood realpolitik centuries before Machiavelli.ByzantineFanatic: Alexios is the smartest man in the room. Always was. Byzantines understood realpolitik centuries before Machiavelli.
Character_Analyst_Prime: John's perspective is fascinating. He sees the religious fervor as tactical weakness. Cold, but effective.Character_Analyst_Prime: John's perspective is fascinating. He sees the religious fervor as tactical weakness. Cold, but effective.Character_Analyst_Prime: John's perspective is fascinating. He sees the religious fervor as tactical weakness. Cold, but effective.Character_Analyst_Prime: John's perspective is fascinating. He sees the religious fervor as tactical weakness. Cold, but effective.
Medieval_Tactician: Supply them to move them along. Classic border management with hostile migrants. Some things never change.Medieval_Tactician: Supply them to move them along. Classic border management with hostile migrants. Some things never change.Medieval_Tactician: Supply them to move them along. Classic border management with hostile migrants. Some things never change.Medieval_Tactician: Supply them to move them along. Classic border management with hostile migrants. Some things never change.
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September 1096 - Anatolian DisasterSeptember 1096 - Anatolian DisasterSeptember 1096 - Anatolian DisasterSeptember 1096 - Anatolian Disaster
The People's Crusade crossed into Seljuk territory. They ignored Byzantine advice about water sources. About Turkish cavalry. About everything.The People's Crusade crossed into Seljuk territory. They ignored Byzantine advice about water sources. About Turkish cavalry. About everything.The People's Crusade crossed into Seljuk territory. They ignored Byzantine advice about water sources. About Turkish cavalry. About everything.The People's Crusade crossed into Seljuk territory. They ignored Byzantine advice about water sources. About Turkish cavalry. About everything.
At Civetot, they camped in a valley. No sentries. No discipline.At Civetot, they camped in a valley. No sentries. No discipline.At Civetot, they camped in a valley. No sentries. No discipline.At Civetot, they camped in a valley. No sentries. No discipline.
Kilij Arslan, Seljuk Sultan, received reports. He'd been fighting other Turks. These Franks seemed minor nuisance.Kilij Arslan, Seljuk Sultan, received reports. He'd been fighting other Turks. These Franks seemed minor nuisance.Kilij Arslan, Seljuk Sultan, received reports. He'd been fighting other Turks. These Franks seemed minor nuisance.Kilij Arslan, Seljuk Sultan, received reports. He'd been fighting other Turks. These Franks seemed minor nuisance.
Then his scouts reported: "They number like stars."Then his scouts reported: "They number like stars."Then his scouts reported: "They number like stars."Then his scouts reported: "They number like stars."
Kilij Arslan decided to teach a lesson. He didn't yet understand this was just the vanguard.Kilij Arslan decided to teach a lesson. He didn't yet understand this was just the vanguard.Kilij Arslan decided to teach a lesson. He didn't yet understand this was just the vanguard.Kilij Arslan decided to teach a lesson. He didn't yet understand this was just the vanguard.
[TURKISH PERSPECTIVE - NEW READERS JOIN][TURKISH PERSPECTIVE - NEW READERS JOIN][TURKISH PERSPECTIVE - NEW READERS JOIN][TURKISH PERSPECTIVE - NEW READERS JOIN]
Seljuk_Descendant: My ancestor fought at Civetot. He wrote about the strange Franks who fought without formation.Seljuk_Descendant: My ancestor fought at Civetot. He wrote about the strange Franks who fought without formation.Seljuk_Descendant: My ancestor fought at Civetot. He wrote about the strange Franks who fought without formation.Seljuk_Descendant: My ancestor fought at Civetot. He wrote about the strange Franks who fought without formation.
Military_History_Nerd: Kilij Arslan was underestimating them because they looked undisciplined. Classic mistake.Military_History_Nerd: Kilij Arslan was underestimating them because they looked undisciplined. Classic mistake.Military_History_Nerd: Kilij Arslan was underestimating them because they looked undisciplined. Classic mistake.Military_History_Nerd: Kilij Arslan was underestimating them because they looked undisciplined. Classic mistake.
Cultural_Observer: The Seljuks saw them as another barbarian tribe. Not understanding this was religious war.Cultural_Observer: The Seljuks saw them as another barbarian tribe. Not understanding this was religious war.Cultural_Observer: The Seljuks saw them as another barbarian tribe. Not understanding this was religious war.Cultural_Observer: The Seljuks saw them as another barbarian tribe. Not understanding this was religious war.
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October 21, 1096 - The AmbushOctober 21, 1096 - The AmbushOctober 21, 1096 - The AmbushOctober 21, 1096 - The Ambush
Dawn mist rose from the river. Frankish sentries (those few posted) saw movement. Horses. Many horses.Dawn mist rose from the river. Frankish sentries (those few posted) saw movement. Horses. Many horses.Dawn mist rose from the river. Frankish sentries (those few posted) saw movement. Horses. Many horses.Dawn mist rose from the river. Frankish sentries (those few posted) saw movement. Horses. Many horses.
"Turks!" someone shouted."Turks!" someone shouted."Turks!" someone shouted."Turks!" someone shouted.
Chaos.Chaos.Chaos.Chaos.
Turkish horse archers encircled the camp. Arrows fell like rain. Peasants with farming tools against composite bows and trained cavalry.Turkish horse archers encircled the camp. Arrows fell like rain. Peasants with farming tools against composite bows and trained cavalry.Turkish horse archers encircled the camp. Arrows fell like rain. Peasants with farming tools against composite bows and trained cavalry.Turkish horse archers encircled the camp. Arrows fell like rain. Peasants with farming tools against composite bows and trained cavalry.
Everard grabbed a sword from a dead knight. He'd never killed a man. He killed three that morning. The first was a Turkish rider who charged him. Everard closed his eyes, swung. Felt the blade bite. Opened eyes to see the man clutching his stomach, intestines spilling.Everard grabbed a sword from a dead knight. He'd never killed a man. He killed three that morning. The first was a Turkish rider who charged him. Everard closed his eyes, swung. Felt the blade bite. Opened eyes to see the man clutching his stomach, intestines spilling.Everard grabbed a sword from a dead knight. He'd never killed a man. He killed three that morning. The first was a Turkish rider who charged him. Everard closed his eyes, swung. Felt the blade bite. Opened eyes to see the man clutching his stomach, intestines spilling.Everard grabbed a sword from a dead knight. He'd never killed a man. He killed three that morning. The first was a Turkish rider who charged him. Everard closed his eyes, swung. Felt the blade bite. Opened eyes to see the man clutching his stomach, intestines spilling.
Everard vomited. Then killed again.Everard vomited. Then killed again.Everard vomited. Then killed again.Everard vomited. Then killed again.
[GRAPHIC CONTENT WARNING - READERS DIVIDE][GRAPHIC CONTENT WARNING - READERS DIVIDE][GRAPHIC CONTENT WARNING - READERS DIVIDE][GRAPHIC CONTENT WARNING - READERS DIVIDE]
Sensitive_Soul: Too violent! Can we skip the gore?Sensitive_Soul: Too violent! Can we skip the gore?Sensitive_Soul: Too violent! Can we skip the gore?Sensitive_Soul: Too violent! Can we skip the gore?
Realism_Enthusiast: This IS the reality of war. Intestines DO spill. If you can't handle it, read fairy tales.Realism_Enthusiast: This IS the reality of war. Intestines DO spill. If you can't handle it, read fairy tales.Realism_Enthusiast: This IS the reality of war. Intestines DO spill. If you can't handle it, read fairy tales.Realism_Enthusiast: This IS the reality of war. Intestines DO spill. If you can't handle it, read fairy tales.
Psychology_Prof: First kill trauma is well documented. Vomiting is common. The body rejects what the mind forces it to do.Psychology_Prof: First kill trauma is well documented. Vomiting is common. The body rejects what the mind forces it to do.Psychology_Prof: First kill trauma is well documented. Vomiting is common. The body rejects what the mind forces it to do.Psychology_Prof: First kill trauma is well documented. Vomiting is common. The body rejects what the mind forces it to do.
Ethics_Debater: But is it necessary to describe in detail? What purpose does it serve?Ethics_Debater: But is it necessary to describe in detail? What purpose does it serve?Ethics_Debater: But is it necessary to describe in detail? What purpose does it serve?Ethics_Debater: But is it necessary to describe in detail? What purpose does it serve?
Author_Response: To remember these were human beings, not statistics. To feel what they felt. To never romanticize.Author_Response: To remember these were human beings, not statistics. To feel what they felt. To never romanticize.Author_Response: To remember these were human beings, not statistics. To feel what they felt. To never romanticize.Author_Response: To remember these were human beings, not statistics. To feel what they felt. To never romanticize.
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The SlaughterThe SlaughterThe SlaughterThe Slaughter
By midday, 20,000 were dead. Peter the Hermit was in Constantinople, spared. Walter the Penniless died fighting.By midday, 20,000 were dead. Peter the Hermit was in Constantinople, spared. Walter the Penniless died fighting.By midday, 20,000 were dead. Peter the Hermit was in Constantinople, spared. Walter the Penniless died fighting.By midday, 20,000 were dead. Peter the Hermit was in Constantinople, spared. Walter the Penniless died fighting.
Survivors fled to a deserted castle. Turks besieged it. After eight days, the Franks surrendered, promising conversion to Islam.Survivors fled to a deserted castle. Turks besieged it. After eight days, the Franks surrendered, promising conversion to Islam.Survivors fled to a deserted castle. Turks besieged it. After eight days, the Franks surrendered, promising conversion to Islam.Survivors fled to a deserted castle. Turks besieged it. After eight days, the Franks surrendered, promising conversion to Islam.
The Turks laughed and killed them all.The Turks laughed and killed them all.The Turks laughed and killed them all.The Turks laughed and killed them all.
Kilij Arslan surveyed the field. "These Franks are weak. No threat."Kilij Arslan surveyed the field. "These Franks are weak. No threat."Kilij Arslan surveyed the field. "These Franks are weak. No threat."Kilij Arslan surveyed the field. "These Franks are weak. No threat."
He dispersed his army, returned to fighting other Turks.He dispersed his army, returned to fighting other Turks.He dispersed his army, returned to fighting other Turks.He dispersed his army, returned to fighting other Turks.
[STRATEGIC ANALYSIS][STRATEGIC ANALYSIS][STRATEGIC ANALYSIS][STRATEGIC ANALYSIS]
Armchair_General: Massive tactical error by Kilij Arslan. He should have prepared for more.Armchair_General: Massive tactical error by Kilij Arslan. He should have prepared for more.Armchair_General: Massive tactical error by Kilij Arslan. He should have prepared for more.Armchair_General: Massive tactical error by Kilij Arslan. He should have prepared for more.
Historian_Verified: True. He assumed this was the main force. Didn't realize the nobility-led crusade was still coming.Historian_Verified: True. He assumed this was the main force. Didn't realize the nobility-led crusade was still coming.Historian_Verified: True. He assumed this was the main force. Didn't realize the nobility-led crusade was still coming.Historian_Verified: True. He assumed this was the main force. Didn't realize the nobility-led crusade was still coming.
Cultural_Theorist: The Seljuks were tribal. They thought in raids, not total war. Different military tradition.Cultural_Theorist: The Seljuks were tribal. They thought in raids, not total war. Different military tradition.Cultural_Theorist: The Seljuks were tribal. They thought in raids, not total war. Different military tradition.Cultural_Theorist: The Seljuks were tribal. They thought in raids, not total war. Different military tradition.
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November 1096 - The Real Army GathersNovember 1096 - The Real Army GathersNovember 1096 - The Real Army GathersNovember 1096 - The Real Army Gathers
While the People's Crusade died in Anatolia, the nobility mobilized:While the People's Crusade died in Anatolia, the nobility mobilized:While the People's Crusade died in Anatolia, the nobility mobilized:While the People's Crusade died in Anatolia, the nobility mobilized:
1. Godfrey of Bouillon - Duke of Lower Lorraine. Serious, devout, strategic.1. Godfrey of Bouillon - Duke of Lower Lorraine. Serious, devout, strategic.1. Godfrey of Bouillon - Duke of Lower Lorraine. Serious, devout, strategic.1. Godfrey of Bouillon - Duke of Lower Lorraine. Serious, devout, strategic.
2. Raymond IV of Toulouse - Old, rich, ambitious. Brought largest contingent.2. Raymond IV of Toulouse - Old, rich, ambitious. Brought largest contingent.2. Raymond IV of Toulouse - Old, rich, ambitious. Brought largest contingent.2. Raymond IV of Toulouse - Old, rich, ambitious. Brought largest contingent.
3. Bohemond of Taranto - Norman adventurer. Brilliant tactician, completely untrustworthy.3. Bohemond of Taranto - Norman adventurer. Brilliant tactician, completely untrustworthy.3. Bohemond of Taranto - Norman adventurer. Brilliant tactician, completely untrustworthy.3. Bohemond of Taranto - Norman adventurer. Brilliant tactician, completely untrustworthy.
4. Robert II of Flanders - Practical, less pious, experienced fighter.4. Robert II of Flanders - Practical, less pious, experienced fighter.4. Robert II of Flanders - Practical, less pious, experienced fighter.4. Robert II of Flanders - Practical, less pious, experienced fighter.
5. Stephen II of Blois - Wealthy, indecisive, kept detailed diary.5. Stephen II of Blois - Wealthy, indecisive, kept detailed diary.5. Stephen II of Blois - Wealthy, indecisive, kept detailed diary.5. Stephen II of Blois - Wealthy, indecisive, kept detailed diary.
6. Robert Curthose - Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror's son. Brave, not bright.6. Robert Curthose - Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror's son. Brave, not bright.6. Robert Curthose - Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror's son. Brave, not bright.6. Robert Curthose - Duke of Normandy, William the Conqueror's son. Brave, not bright.
7. Hugh of Vermandois - French king's brother. Arrogant, captured early.7. Hugh of Vermandois - French king's brother. Arrogant, captured early.7. Hugh of Vermandois - French king's brother. Arrogant, captured early.7. Hugh of Vermandois - French king's brother. Arrogant, captured early.
Each brought vassals, knights, infantry, camp followers. Total: 35,000 fighting men, plus non-combatants.Each brought vassals, knights, infantry, camp followers. Total: 35,000 fighting men, plus non-combatants.Each brought vassals, knights, infantry, camp followers. Total: 35,000 fighting men, plus non-combatants.Each brought vassals, knights, infantry, camp followers. Total: 35,000 fighting men, plus non-combatants.
[READER FACTION FORMATION BEGINS][READER FACTION FORMATION BEGINS][READER FACTION FORMATION BEGINS][READER FACTION FORMATION BEGINS]
Godfreys_Guard: Finally! Real leadership! Godfrey is the only noble one here.Godfreys_Guard: Finally! Real leadership! Godfrey is the only noble one here.Godfreys_Guard: Finally! Real leadership! Godfrey is the only noble one here.Godfreys_Guard: Finally! Real leadership! Godfrey is the only noble one here.
Bohemonds_Brains: Bohemond is the actual military genius. Watch and learn.Bohemonds_Brains: Bohemond is the actual military genius. Watch and learn.Bohemonds_Brains: Bohemond is the actual military genius. Watch and learn.Bohemonds_Brains: Bohemond is the actual military genius. Watch and learn.
Raymonds_Retinue: Old but experienced. And richest. Money wins wars.Raymonds_Retinue: Old but experienced. And richest. Money wins wars.Raymonds_Retinue: Old but experienced. And richest. Money wins wars.Raymonds_Retinue: Old but experienced. And richest. Money wins wars.
Historians_Union: Actually, the armies traveled separately, meeting at Constantinople. Competition started immediately.Historians_Union: Actually, the armies traveled separately, meeting at Constantinople. Competition started immediately.Historians_Union: Actually, the armies traveled separately, meeting at Constantinople. Competition started immediately.Historians_Union: Actually, the armies traveled separately, meeting at Constantinople. Competition started immediately.
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December 1096 - The Byzantine DilemmaDecember 1096 - The Byzantine DilemmaDecember 1096 - The Byzantine DilemmaDecember 1096 - The Byzantine Dilemma
Alexios watched the new armies approach. These were professionals. Dangerous.Alexios watched the new armies approach. These were professionals. Dangerous.Alexios watched the new armies approach. These were professionals. Dangerous.Alexios watched the new armies approach. These were professionals. Dangerous.
His strategy crystallized:His strategy crystallized:His strategy crystallized:His strategy crystallized:
1. Make leaders swear fealty (get legal claim over reconquered territory)1. Make leaders swear fealty (get legal claim over reconquered territory)1. Make leaders swear fealty (get legal claim over reconquered territory)1. Make leaders swear fealty (get legal claim over reconquered territory)
2. Provide limited support (enough to help, not enough to make them independent)2. Provide limited support (enough to help, not enough to make them independent)2. Provide limited support (enough to help, not enough to make them independent)2. Provide limited support (enough to help, not enough to make them independent)
3. Use them against Turks, then reassert Byzantine control3. Use them against Turks, then reassert Byzantine control3. Use them against Turks, then reassert Byzantine control3. Use them against Turks, then reassert Byzantine control
John Komnenos negotiated the oaths. Godfrey resisted initially. Alexios stopped supplying his camp. Godfrey's men grew hungry. He swore.John Komnenos negotiated the oaths. Godfrey resisted initially. Alexios stopped supplying his camp. Godfrey's men grew hungry. He swore.John Komnenos negotiated the oaths. Godfrey resisted initially. Alexios stopped supplying his camp. Godfrey's men grew hungry. He swore.John Komnenos negotiated the oaths. Godfrey resisted initially. Alexios stopped supplying his camp. Godfrey's men grew hungry. He swore.
Bohemond swore willingly. Too willingly. John noted: "This man plans betrayal even as he kisses the cross."Bohemond swore willingly. Too willingly. John noted: "This man plans betrayal even as he kisses the cross."Bohemond swore willingly. Too willingly. John noted: "This man plans betrayal even as he kisses the cross."Bohemond swore willingly. Too willingly. John noted: "This man plans betrayal even as he kisses the cross."
[BYZANTINE INTRIGUE - READERS LOVE IT][BYZANTINE INTRIGUE - READERS LOVE IT][BYZANTINE INTRIGUE - READERS LOVE IT][BYZANTINE INTRIGUE - READERS LOVE IT]
ByzantineMastermind: Alexios playing 4D chess while Franks play checkers.ByzantineMastermind: Alexios playing 4D chess while Franks play checkers.ByzantineMastermind: Alexios playing 4D chess while Franks play checkers.ByzantineMastermind: Alexios playing 4D chess while Franks play checkers.
Oath_Analyst: The oath required returning former Byzantine territory. Bohemond never intended to honor it.Oath_Analyst: The oath required returning former Byzantine territory. Bohemond never intended to honor it.Oath_Analyst: The oath required returning former Byzantine territory. Bohemond never intended to honor it.Oath_Analyst: The oath required returning former Byzantine territory. Bohemond never intended to honor it.
Diplomacy_Wonk: This is the birth of East-West distrust that lasts centuries.Diplomacy_Wonk: This is the birth of East-West distrust that lasts centuries.Diplomacy_Wonk: This is the birth of East-West distrust that lasts centuries.Diplomacy_Wonk: This is the birth of East-West distrust that lasts centuries.
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January 1097 - The CrossingJanuary 1097 - The CrossingJanuary 1097 - The CrossingJanuary 1097 - The Crossing
Ships and boats ferried the army across the Bosphorus. The scale astonished even John.Ships and boats ferried the army across the Bosphorus. The scale astonished even John.Ships and boats ferried the army across the Bosphorus. The scale astonished even John.Ships and boats ferried the army across the Bosphorus. The scale astonished even John.
Knights in mail, horses in slings, siege engines in pieces. The noise: thousands of men, animals, carts. The smell: sweat, manure, saltwater.Knights in mail, horses in slings, siege engines in pieces. The noise: thousands of men, animals, carts. The smell: sweat, manure, saltwater.Knights in mail, horses in slings, siege engines in pieces. The noise: thousands of men, animals, carts. The smell: sweat, manure, saltwater.Knights in mail, horses in slings, siege engines in pieces. The noise: thousands of men, animals, carts. The smell: sweat, manure, saltwater.
A young knight, name lost to history, wrote to his wife: "We cross into Asia today. I fear I will never see France again. Pray for me."A young knight, name lost to history, wrote to his wife: "We cross into Asia today. I fear I will never see France again. Pray for me."A young knight, name lost to history, wrote to his wife: "We cross into Asia today. I fear I will never see France again. Pray for me."A young knight, name lost to history, wrote to his wife: "We cross into Asia today. I fear I will never see France again. Pray for me."
He would die at Antioch.He would die at Antioch.He would die at Antioch.He would die at Antioch.
[HUMAN MOMENTS - READERS CONNECT][HUMAN MOMENTS - READERS CONNECT][HUMAN MOMENTS - READERS CONNECT][HUMAN MOMENTS - READERS CONNECT]
Ancestry_Seeker: This could be my ancestor. He never returned. His wife remarried.Ancestry_Seeker: This could be my ancestor. He never returned. His wife remarried.Ancestry_Seeker: This could be my ancestor. He never returned. His wife remarried.Ancestry_Seeker: This could be my ancestor. He never returned. His wife remarried.
Letter_Collector: Actual surviving letter fragment says almost exactly this. History is individual lives.Letter_Collector: Actual surviving letter fragment says almost exactly this. History is individual lives.Letter_Collector: Actual surviving letter fragment says almost exactly this. History is individual lives.Letter_Collector: Actual surviving letter fragment says almost exactly this. History is individual lives.
Fatalistic_Thinker: 70% would die within two years. Statistics are people.Fatalistic_Thinker: 70% would die within two years. Statistics are people.Fatalistic_Thinker: 70% would die within two years. Statistics are people.Fatalistic_Thinker: 70% would die within two years. Statistics are people.
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April 1097 - Nicaea BesiegedApril 1097 - Nicaea BesiegedApril 1097 - Nicaea BesiegedApril 1097 - Nicaea Besieged
The first major city. Walls 5 meters high, 100 towers. Lake gate supplied by boats.The first major city. Walls 5 meters high, 100 towers. Lake gate supplied by boats.The first major city. Walls 5 meters high, 100 towers. Lake gate supplied by boats.The first major city. Walls 5 meters high, 100 towers. Lake gate supplied by boats.
The Crusaders surrounded it. Bohemond took north, Godfrey south, Raymond east. The lake remained open.The Crusaders surrounded it. Bohemond took north, Godfrey south, Raymond east. The lake remained open.The Crusaders surrounded it. Bohemond took north, Godfrey south, Raymond east. The lake remained open.The Crusaders surrounded it. Bohemond took north, Godfrey south, Raymond east. The lake remained open.
John approached Alexios: "The lake, majesty."John approached Alexios: "The lake, majesty."John approached Alexios: "The lake, majesty."John approached Alexios: "The lake, majesty."
Alexios smiled. "Already handled."Alexios smiled. "Already handled."Alexios smiled. "Already handled."Alexios smiled. "Already handled."
Byzantine ships were portaged overland, launched on the lake. The city was completely cut off.Byzantine ships were portaged overland, launched on the lake. The city was completely cut off.Byzantine ships were portaged overland, launched on the lake. The city was completely cut off.Byzantine ships were portaged overland, launched on the lake. The city was completely cut off.
[MILITARY ENGINEERING PORN][MILITARY ENGINEERING PORN][MILITARY ENGINEERING PORN][MILITARY ENGINEERING PORN]
Engineering_Nerd: Portaging ships! That's incredible logistics! How many men to carry a ship?Engineering_Nerd: Portaging ships! That's incredible logistics! How many men to carry a ship?Engineering_Nerd: Portaging ships! That's incredible logistics! How many men to carry a ship?Engineering_Nerd: Portaging ships! That's incredible logistics! How many men to carry a ship?
Naval_Historian: Byzantines had specialized ships for this. The Dromon could be partially disassembled.Naval_Historian: Byzantines had specialized ships for this. The Dromon could be partially disassembled.Naval_Historian: Byzantines had specialized ships for this. The Dromon could be partially disassembled.Naval_Historian: Byzantines had specialized ships for this. The Dromon could be partially disassembled.
Lake_Gate_Expert: The lake gate was Nicaea's weakness. Alexios knew from previous sieges.Lake_Gate_Expert: The lake gate was Nicaea's weakness. Alexios knew from previous sieges.Lake_Gate_Expert: The lake gate was Nicaea's weakness. Alexios knew from previous sieges.Lake_Gate_Expert: The lake gate was Nicaea's weakness. Alexios knew from previous sieges.
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June 1097 - The SurpriseJune 1097 - The SurpriseJune 1097 - The SurpriseJune 1097 - The Surprise
After seven weeks, the city was near surrender. Then Byzantine emissaries secretly entered.After seven weeks, the city was near surrender. Then Byzantine emissaries secretly entered.After seven weeks, the city was near surrender. Then Byzantine emissaries secretly entered.After seven weeks, the city was near surrender. Then Byzantine emissaries secretly entered.
John discovered too late. "Majesty, the Franks expect to take the city. They'll be furious if we take it."John discovered too late. "Majesty, the Franks expect to take the city. They'll be furious if we take it."John discovered too late. "Majesty, the Franks expect to take the city. They'll be furious if we take it."John discovered too late. "Majesty, the Franks expect to take the city. They'll be furious if we take it."
"They'll be paid with plunder from the countryside," Alexios said. "And they have Jerusalem to aim for.""They'll be paid with plunder from the countryside," Alexios said. "And they have Jerusalem to aim for.""They'll be paid with plunder from the countryside," Alexios said. "And they have Jerusalem to aim for.""They'll be paid with plunder from the countryside," Alexios said. "And they have Jerusalem to aim for."
The city surrendered to Byzantines. Frankish troops watched from outside as Byzantine banners rose.The city surrendered to Byzantines. Frankish troops watched from outside as Byzantine banners rose.The city surrendered to Byzantines. Frankish troops watched from outside as Byzantine banners rose.The city surrendered to Byzantines. Frankish troops watched from outside as Byzantine banners rose.
Bohemond's rage was legendary. "We bled! They steal!"Bohemond's rage was legendary. "We bled! They steal!"Bohemond's rage was legendary. "We bled! They steal!"Bohemond's rage was legendary. "We bled! They steal!"
Godfrey calmed him. Barely.Godfrey calmed him. Barely.Godfrey calmed him. Barely.Godfrey calmed him. Barely.
[READER FURY DIVIDED][READER FURY DIVIDED][READER FURY DIVIDED][READER FURY DIVIDED]
Frankish_Sympathizer: Alexios betrayed them! After they fought for HIS city!Frankish_Sympathizer: Alexios betrayed them! After they fought for HIS city!Frankish_Sympathizer: Alexios betrayed them! After they fought for HIS city!Frankish_Sympathizer: Alexios betrayed them! After they fought for HIS city!
Byzantine_Apologist: It WAS his city! They swore to return Byzantine territory!Byzantine_Apologist: It WAS his city! They swore to return Byzantine territory!Byzantine_Apologist: It WAS his city! They swore to return Byzantine territory!Byzantine_Apologist: It WAS his city! They swore to return Byzantine territory!
Realpolitik_Expert: Both right. That's why it's brilliant politics.Realpolitik_Expert: Both right. That's why it's brilliant politics.Realpolitik_Expert: Both right. That's why it's brilliant politics.Realpolitik_Expert: Both right. That's why it's brilliant politics.
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July 1097 - The March into AnatoliaJuly 1097 - The March into AnatoliaJuly 1097 - The March into AnatoliaJuly 1097 - The March into Anatolia
The desert heat killed. Water was scarce. Turkish horse arriers harried the columns.The desert heat killed. Water was scarce. Turkish horse arriers harried the columns.The desert heat killed. Water was scarce. Turkish horse arriers harried the columns.The desert heat killed. Water was scarce. Turkish horse arriers harried the columns.
A new strategy developed: March in separate divisions but within supporting distance. Cavalry protected infantry. When attacked, form circles.A new strategy developed: March in separate divisions but within supporting distance. Cavalry protected infantry. When attacked, form circles.A new strategy developed: March in separate divisions but within supporting distance. Cavalry protected infantry. When attacked, form circles.A new strategy developed: March in separate divisions but within supporting distance. Cavalry protected infantry. When attacked, form circles.
The Turks learned too late. At Dorylaeum, they ambushed Bohemond's vanguard. The battle hung in balance for hours until Godfrey and Raymond arrived with reinforcements.The Turks learned too late. At Dorylaeum, they ambushed Bohemond's vanguard. The battle hung in balance for hours until Godfrey and Raymond arrived with reinforcements.The Turks learned too late. At Dorylaeum, they ambushed Bohemond's vanguard. The battle hung in balance for hours until Godfrey and Raymond arrived with reinforcements.The Turks learned too late. At Dorylaeum, they ambushed Bohemond's vanguard. The battle hung in balance for hours until Godfrey and Raymond arrived with reinforcements.
Turkish army broke. The road to Antioch opened.Turkish army broke. The road to Antioch opened.Turkish army broke. The road to Antioch opened.Turkish army broke. The road to Antioch opened.
[BATTLE ANALYSIS THREAD][BATTLE ANALYSIS THREAD][BATTLE ANALYSIS THREAD][BATTLE ANALYSIS THREAD]
Tactical_Simulator: The circle formation against horse archers was smart. Learned from earlier defeats.Tactical_Simulator: The circle formation against horse archers was smart. Learned from earlier defeats.Tactical_Simulator: The circle formation against horse archers was smart. Learned from earlier defeats.Tactical_Simulator: The circle formation against horse archers was smart. Learned from earlier defeats.
Cavalry_Expert: Frankish heavy cavalry useless in this terrain until the Turks committed. Then devastating.Cavalry_Expert: Frankish heavy cavalry useless in this terrain until the Turks committed. Then devastating.Cavalry_Expert: Frankish heavy cavalry useless in this terrain until the Turks committed. Then devastating.Cavalry_Expert: Frankish heavy cavalry useless in this terrain until the Turks committed. Then devastating.
Heat_Casualty: More died of thirst than battle. Always true in desert warfare.Heat_Casualty: More died of thirst than battle. Always true in desert warfare.Heat_Casualty: More died of thirst than battle. Always true in desert warfare.Heat_Casualty: More died of thirst than battle. Always true in desert warfare.
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October 1097 - Antioch AppearsOctober 1097 - Antioch AppearsOctober 1097 - Antioch AppearsOctober 1097 - Antioch Appears
The city made Nicaea look small. Walls 12 kilometers long, 400 towers, mountains behind, river before.The city made Nicaea look small. Walls 12 kilometers long, 400 towers, mountains behind, river before.The city made Nicaea look small. Walls 12 kilometers long, 400 towers, mountains behind, river before.The city made Nicaea look small. Walls 12 kilometers long, 400 towers, mountains behind, river before.
Raymond stared. "We need a miracle."Raymond stared. "We need a miracle."Raymond stared. "We need a miracle."Raymond stared. "We need a miracle."
Bohemond smiled. "We need a traitor."Bohemond smiled. "We need a traitor."Bohemond smiled. "We need a traitor."Bohemond smiled. "We need a traitor."
John, watching from a hill, wrote in his journal: They cannot take this city by assault. But every city has discontented men. Bohemond understands this. Godfrey does not.John, watching from a hill, wrote in his journal: They cannot take this city by assault. But every city has discontented men. Bohemond understands this. Godfrey does not.John, watching from a hill, wrote in his journal: They cannot take this city by assault. But every city has discontented men. Bohemond understands this. Godfrey does not.John, watching from a hill, wrote in his journal: They cannot take this city by assault. But every city has discontented men. Bohemond understands this. Godfrey does not.
[SIEGE PREPARATION - DETAIL OVERLOAD][SIEGE PREPARATION - DETAIL OVERLOAD][SIEGE PREPARATION - DETAIL OVERLOAD][SIEGE PREPARATION - DETAIL OVERLOAD]
Siege_Expert: To properly besiege, you need 3-5 soldiers per defender. They had maybe parity. Impossible militarily.Siege_Expert: To properly besiege, you need 3-5 soldiers per defender. They had maybe parity. Impossible militarily.Siege_Expert: To properly besiege, you need 3-5 soldiers per defender. They had maybe parity. Impossible militarily.Siege_Expert: To properly besiege, you need 3-5 soldiers per defender. They had maybe parity. Impossible militarily.
Nutrition_Nerd: Their food situation was dire. Already eating horses.Nutrition_Nerd: Their food situation was dire. Already eating horses.Nutrition_Nerd: Their food situation was dire. Already eating horses.Nutrition_Nerd: Their food situation was dire. Already eating horses.
Sanitation_Specialist: Dysentery will kill more than arrows. Camp sanitation in medieval armies? Non-existent.Sanitation_Specialist: Dysentery will kill more than arrows. Camp sanitation in medieval armies? Non-existent.Sanitation_Specialist: Dysentery will kill more than arrows. Camp sanitation in medieval armies? Non-existent.Sanitation_Specialist: Dysentery will kill more than arrows. Camp sanitation in medieval armies? Non-existent.
Psychology_Pro: The key is indeed betrayal. Most cities fall from within.Psychology_Pro: The key is indeed betrayal. Most cities fall from within.Psychology_Pro: The key is indeed betrayal. Most cities fall from within.Psychology_Pro: The key is indeed betrayal. Most cities fall from within.
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Winter 1098 - The StarvationWinter 1098 - The StarvationWinter 1098 - The StarvationWinter 1098 - The Starvation
Cold. Rain. Mud. Hunger.Cold. Rain. Mud. Hunger.Cold. Rain. Mud. Hunger.Cold. Rain. Mud. Hunger.
A knight's daily ration: 200g bread, 100g meat (when available), sour wine.A knight's daily ration: 200g bread, 100g meat (when available), sour wine.A knight's daily ration: 200g bread, 100g meat (when available), sour wine.A knight's daily ration: 200g bread, 100g meat (when available), sour wine.
A peasant's ration: Half that.A peasant's ration: Half that.A peasant's ration: Half that.A peasant's ration: Half that.
Horses died. Then donkeys. Then dogs.Horses died. Then donkeys. Then dogs.Horses died. Then donkeys. Then dogs.Horses died. Then donkeys. Then dogs.
Then... humans.Then... humans.Then... humans.Then... humans.
[CANNIBALISM - READERS MUST CONFRONT][CANNIBALISM - READERS MUST CONFRONT][CANNIBALISM - READERS MUST CONFRONT][CANNIBALISM - READERS MUST CONFRONT]
Documentation_First: Albert of Aix: "Some cut flesh from Turkish corpses, cooked and ate it."Documentation_First: Albert of Aix: "Some cut flesh from Turkish corpses, cooked and ate it."Documentation_First: Albert of Aix: "Some cut flesh from Turkish corpses, cooked and ate it."Documentation_First: Albert of Aix: "Some cut flesh from Turkish corpses, cooked and ate it."
Radulph of Caen: "In Ma'arrat, our men boiled pagan adults in pots, impaled children on spits."Radulph of Caen: "In Ma'arrat, our men boiled pagan adults in pots, impaled children on spits."Radulph of Caen: "In Ma'arrat, our men boiled pagan adults in pots, impaled children on spits."Radulph of Caen: "In Ma'arrat, our men boiled pagan adults in pots, impaled children on spits."
Modern_Avoidance: Why must we focus on this?Modern_Avoidance: Why must we focus on this?Modern_Avoidance: Why must we focus on this?Modern_Avoidance: Why must we focus on this?
Historical_Responsibility: Because it happened. Because we must know what humans become.Historical_Responsibility: Because it happened. Because we must know what humans become.Historical_Responsibility: Because it happened. Because we must know what humans become.Historical_Responsibility: Because it happened. Because we must know what humans become.
Theological_Crisis: Where was God in this? Silent as always.Theological_Crisis: Where was God in this? Silent as always.Theological_Crisis: Where was God in this? Silent as always.Theological_Crisis: Where was God in this? Silent as always.
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February 1098 - The Traitor FoundFebruary 1098 - The Traitor FoundFebruary 1098 - The Traitor FoundFebruary 1098 - The Traitor Found
Firouz, Armenian commander of the Tower of Two Sisters. Disgruntled. Underappreciated. Christian by birth, Muslim by convenience.Firouz, Armenian commander of the Tower of Two Sisters. Disgruntled. Underappreciated. Christian by birth, Muslim by convenience.Firouz, Armenian commander of the Tower of Two Sisters. Disgruntled. Underappreciated. Christian by birth, Muslim by convenience.Firouz, Armenian commander of the Tower of Two Sisters. Disgruntled. Underappreciated. Christian by birth, Muslim by convenience.
Bohemond made contact. Gold promised. Safety for his family.Bohemond made contact. Gold promised. Safety for his family.Bohemond made contact. Gold promised. Safety for his family.Bohemond made contact. Gold promised. Safety for his family.
The plan: Open the gate June 2. Night attack.The plan: Open the gate June 2. Night attack.The plan: Open the gate June 2. Night attack.The plan: Open the gate June 2. Night attack.
[ESPIONAGE THRILLER - READERS HOOKED][ESPIONAGE THRILLER - READERS HOOKED][ESPIONAGE THRILLER - READERS HOOKED][ESPIONAGE THRILLER - READERS HOOKED]
Spy_Novelist: This is classic intelligence work. Find the dissatisfied. Exploit.Spy_Novelist: This is classic intelligence work. Find the dissatisfied. Exploit.Spy_Novelist: This is classic intelligence work. Find the dissatisfied. Exploit.Spy_Novelist: This is classic intelligence work. Find the dissatisfied. Exploit.
Risk_Analyst: Huge risk for Firouz. If discovered...Risk_Analyst: Huge risk for Firouz. If discovered...Risk_Analyst: Huge risk for Firouz. If discovered...Risk_Analyst: Huge risk for Firouz. If discovered...
Moral_Relativist: Traitor or pragmatist? His family vs. his oath.Moral_Relativist: Traitor or pragmatist? His family vs. his oath.Moral_Relativist: Traitor or pragmatist? His family vs. his oath.Moral_Relativist: Traitor or pragmatist? His family vs. his oath.
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June 2, 1098 - The NightJune 2, 1098 - The NightJune 2, 1098 - The NightJune 2, 1098 - The Night
Rain hid sound. The gate opened. Bohemond's Normans entered silently.Rain hid sound. The gate opened. Bohemond's Normans entered silently.Rain hid sound. The gate opened. Bohemond's Normans entered silently.Rain hid sound. The gate opened. Bohemond's Normans entered silently.
Then a dog barked. A guard shouted.Then a dog barked. A guard shouted.Then a dog barked. A guard shouted.Then a dog barked. A guard shouted.
The silent infiltration became a street fight.The silent infiltration became a street fight.The silent infiltration became a street fight.The silent infiltration became a street fight.
John, watching from outside, saw the threads of fate tangling. Reader comments appeared in the air:John, watching from outside, saw the threads of fate tangling. Reader comments appeared in the air:John, watching from outside, saw the threads of fate tangling. Reader comments appeared in the air:John, watching from outside, saw the threads of fate tangling. Reader comments appeared in the air:
Crusader_Fanatic: Take the city! Deus vult!Crusader_Fanatic: Take the city! Deus vult!Crusader_Fanatic: Take the city! Deus vult!Crusader_Fanatic: Take the city! Deus vult!
Muslim_Defender: Hold the walls! Allahu akbar!Muslim_Defender: Hold the walls! Allahu akbar!Muslim_Defender: Hold the walls! Allahu akbar!Muslim_Defender: Hold the walls! Allahu akbar!
Pacifist_Observer: Everyone just stop killing!Pacifist_Observer: Everyone just stop killing!Pacifist_Observer: Everyone just stop killing!Pacifist_Observer: Everyone just stop killing!
The city fell street by street. By dawn, most defenders were dead. Governor Yaghi-Siyan fled, was captured, beheaded.The city fell street by street. By dawn, most defenders were dead. Governor Yaghi-Siyan fled, was captured, beheaded.The city fell street by street. By dawn, most defenders were dead. Governor Yaghi-Siyan fled, was captured, beheaded.The city fell street by street. By dawn, most defenders were dead. Governor Yaghi-Siyan fled, was captured, beheaded.
[THE FALL - MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES][THE FALL - MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES][THE FALL - MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES][THE FALL - MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES]
Norman_Knight's account: "We killed until our arms were tired."Norman_Knight's account: "We killed until our arms were tired."Norman_Knight's account: "We killed until our arms were tired."Norman_Knight's account: "We killed until our arms were tired."
Armenian_Chronicle: "The Franks spared no one. Not women, not children."Armenian_Chronicle: "The Franks spared no one. Not women, not children."Armenian_Chronicle: "The Franks spared no one. Not women, not children."Armenian_Chronicle: "The Franks spared no one. Not women, not children."
Byzantine_Report: "The city changed hands. We have lost influence."Byzantine_Report: "The city changed hands. We have lost influence."Byzantine_Report: "The city changed hands. We have lost influence."Byzantine_Report: "The city changed hands. We have lost influence."
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June 7, 1098 - Kerbogha ArrivesJune 7, 1098 - Kerbogha ArrivesJune 7, 1098 - Kerbogha ArrivesJune 7, 1098 - Kerbogha Arrives
Turkish atabeg of Mosul arrived with relief army. 40,000 strong. The Crusaders were now trapped inside the city they just took.Turkish atabeg of Mosul arrived with relief army. 40,000 strong. The Crusaders were now trapped inside the city they just took.Turkish atabeg of Mosul arrived with relief army. 40,000 strong. The Crusaders were now trapped inside the city they just took.Turkish atabeg of Mosul arrived with relief army. 40,000 strong. The Crusaders were now trapped inside the city they just took.
No food. No escape. Morale shattered.No food. No escape. Morale shattered.No food. No escape. Morale shattered.No food. No escape. Morale shattered.
Then Peter Bartholomew's vision: The Holy Lance buried in the cathedral.Then Peter Bartholomew's vision: The Holy Lance buried in the cathedral.Then Peter Bartholomew's vision: The Holy Lance buried in the cathedral.Then Peter Bartholomew's vision: The Holy Lance buried in the cathedral.
They dug. Found a piece of iron.They dug. Found a piece of iron.They dug. Found a piece of iron.They dug. Found a piece of iron.
Morale restored.Morale restored.Morale restored.Morale restored.
[MIRACLE OR MANIPULATION?][MIRACLE OR MANIPULATION?][MIRACLE OR MANIPULATION?][MIRACLE OR MANIPULATION?]
Skeptic_Reader: Obviously planted. Raymond needed morale boost.Skeptic_Reader: Obviously planted. Raymond needed morale boost.Skeptic_Reader: Obviously planted. Raymond needed morale boost.Skeptic_Reader: Obviously planted. Raymond needed morale boost.
Believer_Reader: Faith moves mountains. Even if fake, belief made it real.Believer_Reader: Faith moves mountains. Even if fake, belief made it real.Believer_Reader: Faith moves mountains. Even if fake, belief made it real.Believer_Reader: Faith moves mountains. Even if fake, belief made it real.
Psychological_Warfare: The Lance worked. That's what matters in war.Psychological_Warfare: The Lance worked. That's what matters in war.Psychological_Warfare: The Lance worked. That's what matters in war.Psychological_Warfare: The Lance worked. That's what matters in war.
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June 28, 1098 - The Battle of AntiochJune 28, 1098 - The Battle of AntiochJune 28, 1098 - The Battle of AntiochJune 28, 1098 - The Battle of Antioch
The Crusaders, starving but inspired, marched out to face Kerbogha. Against all military logic.The Crusaders, starving but inspired, marched out to face Kerbogha. Against all military logic.The Crusaders, starving but inspired, marched out to face Kerbogha. Against all military logic.The Crusaders, starving but inspired, marched out to face Kerbogha. Against all military logic.
Turkish army was larger, better supplied, rested.Turkish army was larger, better supplied, rested.Turkish army was larger, better supplied, rested.Turkish army was larger, better supplied, rested.
But divided. Kerbogha's emirs quarreled. Coordination failed.But divided. Kerbogha's emirs quarreled. Coordination failed.But divided. Kerbogha's emirs quarreled. Coordination failed.But divided. Kerbogha's emirs quarreled. Coordination failed.
The Crusaders attacked the weakest point. Turkish lines broke. Kerbogha fled.The Crusaders attacked the weakest point. Turkish lines broke. Kerbogha fled.The Crusaders attacked the weakest point. Turkish lines broke. Kerbogha fled.The Crusaders attacked the weakest point. Turkish lines broke. Kerbogha fled.
Militarily inexplicable. Historically documented.Militarily inexplicable. Historically documented.Militarily inexplicable. Historically documented.Militarily inexplicable. Historically documented.
[READERS ANALYZE THE VICTORY][READERS ANALYZE THE VICTORY][READERS ANALYZE THE VICTORY][READERS ANALYZE THE VICTORY]
Military_Historian: This shouldn't have worked. Textbook example of morale over matter.Military_Historian: This shouldn't have worked. Textbook example of morale over matter.Military_Historian: This shouldn't have worked. Textbook example of morale over matter.Military_Historian: This shouldn't have worked. Textbook example of morale over matter.
Leadership_Expert: Kerbogha failed to unify his commanders. Lesson: coalition warfare is hard.Leadership_Expert: Kerbogha failed to unify his commanders. Lesson: coalition warfare is hard.Leadership_Expert: Kerbogha failed to unify his commanders. Lesson: coalition warfare is hard.Leadership_Expert: Kerbogha failed to unify his commanders. Lesson: coalition warfare is hard.
Divine_Interventionist: Or... miracle?Divine_Interventionist: Or... miracle?Divine_Interventionist: Or... miracle?Divine_Interventionist: Or... miracle?
Rationalist: Luck. Happens in war.Rationalist: Luck. Happens in war.Rationalist: Luck. Happens in war.Rationalist: Luck. Happens in war.
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Aftermath: The SplitAftermath: The SplitAftermath: The SplitAftermath: The Split
Bohemond claimed Antioch. Raymond protested. Godfrey stayed neutral.Bohemond claimed Antioch. Raymond protested. Godfrey stayed neutral.Bohemond claimed Antioch. Raymond protested. Godfrey stayed neutral.Bohemond claimed Antioch. Raymond protested. Godfrey stayed neutral.
The Crusade fractured. Many knights stayed with Bohemond. The march to Jerusalem continued with diminished forces.The Crusade fractured. Many knights stayed with Bohemond. The march to Jerusalem continued with diminished forces.The Crusade fractured. Many knights stayed with Bohemond. The march to Jerusalem continued with diminished forces.The Crusade fractured. Many knights stayed with Bohemond. The march to Jerusalem continued with diminished forces.
John wrote: They have won a city and lost an army. Now they must take the Holy City with shadows.John wrote: They have won a city and lost an army. Now they must take the Holy City with shadows.John wrote: They have won a city and lost an army. Now they must take the Holy City with shadows.John wrote: They have won a city and lost an army. Now they must take the Holy City with shadows.
[READER FACTION WARS BEGIN][READER FACTION WARS BEGIN][READER FACTION WARS BEGIN][READER FACTION WARS BEGIN]
Team_Bohemond: Smart! Secure a base!Team_Bohemond: Smart! Secure a base!Team_Bohemond: Smart! Secure a base!Team_Bohemond: Smart! Secure a base!
Team_Raymond: Greedy! Betrayal of the cause!Team_Raymond: Greedy! Betrayal of the cause!Team_Raymond: Greedy! Betrayal of the cause!Team_Raymond: Greedy! Betrayal of the cause!
Team_Godfrey: Only one thinking of Jerusalem!Team_Godfrey: Only one thinking of Jerusalem!Team_Godfrey: Only one thinking of Jerusalem!Team_Godfrey: Only one thinking of Jerusalem!
Neutral_Observer: This is why the Crusader States failed. Immediate infighting.Neutral_Observer: This is why the Crusader States failed. Immediate infighting.Neutral_Observer: This is why the Crusader States failed. Immediate infighting.Neutral_Observer: This is why the Crusader States failed. Immediate infighting.
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Chapter 1 End - 4,200 wordsChapter 1 End - 4,200 wordsChapter 1 End - 4,200 wordsChapter 1 End - 4,200 words
[CUMULATIVE READER STATISTICS][CUMULATIVE READER STATISTICS][CUMULATIVE READER STATISTICS][CUMULATIVE READER STATISTICS]
· Active readers: 847· Active readers: 847· Active readers: 847· Active readers: 847
· Comments: 3,241· Comments: 3,241· Comments: 3,241· Comments: 3,241
· Factions formed: 12· Factions formed: 12· Factions formed: 12· Factions formed: 12
· Historical citations: 89· Historical citations: 89· Historical citations: 89· Historical citations: 89
· Content warnings triggered: 47· Content warnings triggered: 47· Content warnings triggered: 47· Content warnings triggered: 47
· Reader drop-off at graphic content: 12%· Reader drop-off at graphic content: 12%· Reader drop-off at graphic content: 12%· Reader drop-off at graphic content: 12%
[AUTHOR'S NOTE][AUTHOR'S NOTE][AUTHOR'S NOTE][AUTHOR'S NOTE]
This is Chapter 1 of approximately 1000. Each chapter covers 1-3 months of historical events. Reader comments directly influence minor characters and subplots. Major historical events remain fixed, but perspectives vary based on reader input.This is Chapter 1 of approximately 1000. Each chapter covers 1-3 months of historical events. Reader comments directly influence minor characters and subplots. Major historical events remain fixed, but perspectives vary based on reader input.This is Chapter 1 of approximately 1000. Each chapter covers 1-3 months of historical events. Reader comments directly influence minor characters and subplots. Major historical events remain fixed, but perspectives vary based on reader input.This is Chapter 1 of approximately 1000. Each chapter covers 1-3 months of historical events. Reader comments directly influence minor characters and subplots. Major historical events remain fixed, but perspectives vary based on reader input.
The goal: Create the most comprehensive, interactive, historically accurate Crusades narrative ever written. With your participation, we will follow every battle, siege, betrayal, alliance, and individual story from 1095 to 1291.The goal: Create the most comprehensive, interactive, historically accurate Crusades narrative ever written. With your participation, we will follow every battle, siege, betrayal, alliance, and individual story from 1095 to 1291.The goal: Create the most comprehensive, interactive, historically accurate Crusades narrative ever written. With your participation, we will follow every battle, siege, betrayal, alliance, and individual story from 1095 to 1291.The goal: Create the most comprehensive, interactive, historically accurate Crusades narrative ever written. With your participation, we will follow every battle, siege, betrayal, alliance, and individual story from 1095 to 1291.
Welcome to the Raw Diamond. Your comments write history.Welcome to the Raw Diamond. Your comments write history.Welcome to the Raw Diamond. Your comments write history.Welcome to the Raw Diamond. Your comments write history.
[NEXT CHAPTER PREVIEW:[NEXT CHAPTER PREVIEW:[NEXT CHAPTER PREVIEW:[NEXT CHAPTER PREVIEW:
The March to Jerusalem (1099)The March to Jerusalem (1099)The March to Jerusalem (1099)The March to Jerusalem (1099)
Key events: Siege of Ma'arrat, Cannibalism, Siege of Arqa, Fatimid Diplomacy, Arrival at JerusalemKey events: Siege of Ma'arrat, Cannibalism, Siege of Arqa, Fatimid Diplomacy, Arrival at JerusalemKey events: Siege of Ma'arrat, Cannibalism, Siege of Arqa, Fatimid Diplomacy, Arrival at JerusalemKey events: Siege of Ma'arrat, Cannibalism, Siege of Arqa, Fatimid Diplomacy, Arrival at Jerusalem
Historical figures: Iftikhar ad-Dawla, Al-Afdal ShahanshahHistorical figures: Iftikhar ad-Dawla, Al-Afdal ShahanshahHistorical figures: Iftikhar ad-Dawla, Al-Afdal ShahanshahHistorical figures: Iftikhar ad-Dawla, Al-Afdal Shahanshah
Reader choice pending: Should we include the controversial "Cookpot" scenes at Ma'arrat? Vote in comments.]Reader choice pending: Should we include the controversial "Cookpot" scenes at Ma'arrat? Vote in comments.]Reader choice pending: Should we include the controversial "Cookpot" scenes at Ma'arrat? Vote in comments.]Reader choice pending: Should we include the controversial "Cookpot" scenes at Ma'arrat? Vote in comments.]
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READER PROFILE SPOTLIGHT (Top Contributors Chapter 1):READER PROFILE SPOTLIGHT (Top Contributors Chapter 1):READER PROFILE SPOTLIGHT (Top Contributors Chapter 1):READER PROFILE SPOTLIGHT (Top Contributors Chapter 1):
1. CYNICAL_HISTORIAN (Expert Rank: Master)1. CYNICAL_HISTORIAN (Expert Rank: Master)1. CYNICAL_HISTORIAN (Expert Rank: Master)1. CYNICAL_HISTORIAN (Expert Rank: Master)
· Comments: 47 · Comments: 47 · Comments: 47 · Comments: 47
· Historical accuracy score: 98% · Historical accuracy score: 98% · Historical accuracy score: 98% · Historical accuracy score: 98%
· Specialization: Byzantine politics · Specialization: Byzantine politics · Specialization: Byzantine politics · Specialization: Byzantine politics
· Influence: Author consults on Byzantine scenes · Influence: Author consults on Byzantine scenes · Influence: Author consults on Byzantine scenes · Influence: Author consults on Byzantine scenes
2. MORAL_OUTRAGE (Ethics Rank: Philosopher)2. MORAL_OUTRAGE (Ethics Rank: Philosopher)2. MORAL_OUTRAGE (Ethics Rank: Philosopher)2. MORAL_OUTRAGE (Ethics Rank: Philosopher)
· Comments: 38 · Comments: 38 · Comments: 38 · Comments: 38
· Moral questioning score: 95% · Moral questioning score: 95% · Moral questioning score: 95% · Moral questioning score: 95%
· Specialization: Just war theory · Specialization: Just war theory · Specialization: Just war theory · Specialization: Just war theory
· Influence: Forces author to address ethical dimensions · Influence: Forces author to address ethical dimensions · Influence: Forces author to address ethical dimensions · Influence: Forces author to address ethical dimensions
3. TACTICAL_MIND (Military Rank: Strategist)3. TACTICAL_MIND (Military Rank: Strategist)3. TACTICAL_MIND (Military Rank: Strategist)3. TACTICAL_MIND (Military Rank: Strategist)
· Comments: 42 · Comments: 42 · Comments: 42 · Comments: 42
· Tactical analysis score: 96% · Tactical analysis score: 96% · Tactical analysis score: 96% · Tactical analysis score: 96%
· Specialization: Siege warfare · Specialization: Siege warfare · Specialization: Siege warfare · Specialization: Siege warfare
· Influence: Corrects tactical errors in drafts · Influence: Corrects tactical errors in drafts · Influence: Corrects tactical errors in drafts · Influence: Corrects tactical errors in drafts
4. JEWISH_READER (Personal Rank: Descendant)4. JEWISH_READER (Personal Rank: Descendant)4. JEWISH_READER (Personal Rank: Descendant)4. JEWISH_READER (Personal Rank: Descendant)
· Comments: 29 · Comments: 29 · Comments: 29 · Comments: 29
· Emotional impact score: 99% · Emotional impact score: 99% · Emotional impact score: 99% · Emotional impact score: 99%
· Specialization: Jewish diaspora history · Specialization: Jewish diaspora history · Specialization: Jewish diaspora history · Specialization: Jewish diaspora history
· Influence: Ensures Jewish perspectives included · Influence: Ensures Jewish perspectives included · Influence: Ensures Jewish perspectives included · Influence: Ensures Jewish perspectives included
5. SELJUK_DESCENDANT (Cultural Rank: Insider)5. SELJUK_DESCENDANT (Cultural Rank: Insider)5. SELJUK_DESCENDANT (Cultural Rank: Insider)5. SELJUK_DESCENDANT (Cultural Rank: Insider)
· Comments: 24 · Comments: 24 · Comments: 24 · Comments: 24
· Cultural accuracy score: 94% · Cultural accuracy score: 94% · Cultural accuracy score: 94% · Cultural accuracy score: 94%
· Specialization: Seljuk society · Specialization: Seljuk society · Specialization: Seljuk society · Specialization: Seljuk society
· Influence: Provides Turkish/Muslim perspectives · Influence: Provides Turkish/Muslim perspectives · Influence: Provides Turkish/Muslim perspectives · Influence: Provides Turkish/Muslim perspectives
[READER ACHIEVEMENTS UNLOCKED CHAPTER 1]:[READER ACHIEVEMENTS UNLOCKED CHAPTER 1]:[READER ACHIEVEMENTS UNLOCKED CHAPTER 1]:[READER ACHIEVEMENTS UNLOCKED CHAPTER 1]:
· First Blood: Commented on violent scene· First Blood: Commented on violent scene· First Blood: Commented on violent scene· First Blood: Commented on violent scene
· Historian's Eye: Corrected historical error· Historian's Eye: Corrected historical error· Historian's Eye: Corrected historical error· Historian's Eye: Corrected historical error
· Moral Compass: Raised ethical question· Moral Compass: Raised ethical question· Moral Compass: Raised ethical question· Moral Compass: Raised ethical question
· Tactical Genius: Suggested military improvement· Tactical Genius: Suggested military improvement· Tactical Genius: Suggested military improvement· Tactical Genius: Suggested military improvement
· Empathy Engine: Connected emotionally to character· Empathy Engine: Connected emotionally to character· Empathy Engine: Connected emotionally to character· Empathy Engine: Connected emotionally to character
[COMING IN CHAPTER 2:][COMING IN CHAPTER 2:][COMING IN CHAPTER 2:][COMING IN CHAPTER 2:]
· Reader voting on controversial content· Reader voting on controversial content· Reader voting on controversial content· Reader voting on controversial content
· Character development based on reader suggestions· Character development based on reader suggestions· Character development based on reader suggestions· Character development based on reader suggestions
· More specialized reader roles· More specialized reader roles· More specialized reader roles· More specialized reader roles
· Expanded cultural perspectives· Expanded cultural perspectives· Expanded cultural perspectives· Expanded cultural perspectives
· Detailed military equipment descriptions· Detailed military equipment descriptions· Detailed military equipment descriptions· Detailed military equipment descriptions
· Psychological profiles of key figures· Psychological profiles of key figures· Psychological profiles of key figures· Psychological profiles of key figures
The story continues... with your words.