The following laws were given to Moses by the Lord saying :
"If anyone sins by failing to speak when called to testify about something they have seen or heard, they will be held responsible. If anyone touches the carcass of an unclean animal—whether wild, domestic, or crawling creature—even without realizing it, they become unclean and guilty. If anyone touches human uncleanness of any kind, though unaware at first, once they realize it, they are guilty. If anyone makes a careless oath—whether to do good or evil—in anything a person might swear about, even if unaware at first, once they realize it, they are guilty.
When someone is guilty in any of these ways, they must confess their sin. As a penalty, they are to bring to the Lord a female lamb or goat from the flock as a sin offering, and the priest will make atonement on their behalf, and they will be forgiven. If they cannot afford a lamb, they must bring two doves or two young pigeons—one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. The priest will first sacrifice the sin offering, wringing its head but not severing it completely, sprinkling its blood on the altar's side and draining the rest at its base. Then the second bird will be offered as a burnt offering in the prescribed way. In this manner the priest makes atonement, and the person is forgiven.
If someone cannot even afford two birds, they must bring a tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering. No oil or incense must be added, for it is a sin offering. The priest will take a handful as a memorial portion, burn it on the altar as an offering made by fire to the Lord, and in this way atonement will be made, and the person forgiven. The remainder belongs to the priest, just as with the grain offering.
Then the Lord said to Moses: "If anyone sins unintentionally by misusing the Lord's holy things, they must bring as a penalty a ram without defect, valued in silver according to the sanctuary shekel. This is a guilt offering. They must also make restitution for what was misused, adding a fifth of its value, and give it to the priest. The priest will make atonement with the ram, and they will be forgiven.
If anyone sins by doing what is forbidden in any of the Lord's commands, even if they did not know it, they are guilty and held responsible. They must bring a flawless ram of the proper value as a guilt offering, and the priest will make atonement for them, and they will be forgiven. It is a guilt offering, for they are guilty before the Lord."